Microorganisms Associated with Barbers Clippers in Rivers State University and Its Environs, Nigeria
Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research, Volume 35, Issue 9,
Page 19-28
DOI:
10.9734/jammr/2023/v35i95007
Abstract
This study was carried out to isolate and identify microorganisms that are associated with barbers’ clippers in some barbers’ shops in Rivers State University and its environment. A total of thirty (30) samples were collected from the various barbing salons both within and around Rivers State University. Sterile swab sticks were used to obtain samples from the surface of the barbers’ clippers and were immediately sealed to prevent contamination. Identification of the microorganisms after culturing was done using Gram staining technique and biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility test was also carried out on the isolated bacteria using disc diffusion method. The result revealed that bacteria were present on the barbers’ clippers. The bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermis, and Klebsiella pneumonia. Staphylococcus aureus was the most prevalent bacteria isolate while Klebsiella pneumonia and Staphylococcus epidermis were the least prevalent bacteria isolates, but there were no fungi isolates after fourteen days incubation. The antibiotic susceptibility test showed that Staphylococcus aureus was susceptible to ciproflox, erythromycin, levofloxacin, gentamycin and streptomycin; Staphylococcus epidermis was susceptible to most of the antibiotics but resistant to amoxil and norfloxacin; Klebsiella pneumonia was susceptible to gentamycin, streptomycin and nalidixic acid; while Escherichia coli was resistant to all antibiotics. This study has shown that barbers’ clippers harbor bacterial organisms which can be potential pathogens and may promote the spread of infection to human. It is therefore recommended that barbers must properly sterilize their clippers before use on customers, to reduce the spread of infection.
- Microorganisms
- barbers
- clippers
- antibiotic susceptibility
- infection
How to Cite
References
Kondo M, Nakano N, Shiraki Y. A chinese Japanese boy with black dot ringworm due to Trichophyton violaceum. Journal of Dermatology. 2010;33(3):165-168.
Adeleye IA, Osidipo OO. Isolation and characterization of microorganism from instrument used by pedicurists operatin within Larger Metropolis, Nigeria. West India Medical Journal. 2014;53(7):413- 415.
Bam P, Chen T. Infections associated with personal service establishments: Aesthetics. National Collaborating Centre for Environment Health. 2011:1-10.
Stout JE, Gadowski LB, Rath S, Alspaugh JA, Millar MB, Cox GM. Pedicure associated rapidly growing mycobacterial infections and disease. Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2011;53(9):787-792.
Amodio E, Benedetto MA, Gennaro L, Maida CM, Romanu N. Knowledge, attitudes and risk of HIV, HBV and HCV infections in hairdressings of Palermo city. Europe Journal of Public Health. 2010;20(5):33-437.
De Souza BA, Shibu MM. Infections and respiratory hazards of naclsculpture plast. Reconstructive Surgery. 2014;114(3): 1004-1008.
Mase K, Hasegawa T, Horii T, Hatakeyama K, Kawano Y, Yamashino T, Ohta N. Firm adherence of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidemidis to human hair and effect of detergent treatment. Journal of Microbiology & Immunology. 2010;44(8):653-656.
Pai VV, Hanumanthayya K, Tophakhane RS, Nandihal NN, Kikkeri NS. Clinical study of Tinea capitis in Northern Karnataka: a 3years experience at a single institute. Indian Journal of Dermatology. 2013;4(1):23-26.
Ayanbimpe GM, Taghir H, Diya A, Wapwera S. Tinea capitis among primary school children in some part of Central Nigeria. Journal of Mycoses. 2008;51(4): 336-340.
Lange-Asschenfeldt B, Marenbach D, Lang C, Patzelt A, Ulrich M, Maltusch A, Terhorst D, Stockfleth E, Sterry W, Lademann J. Distribution of bacteria in the epidermal layers and hair follicles of the human skin. Journal of Skin Pharmacology & Physiology. 2011;24(6):305-311.
Jape U, Schroder K, Zillikens D, Petzoldt D. Tuft hair folliculitis associated with Pemphigus vulgaris. Journal of European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 2013;17(2):223-236.
Fantahu B, et al. Efficacy evaluation and assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice among barbers on proper sterilization and disinfection of sharp equipment regarding HIV transmission in Gondar and Bahir Dar towns, Northwest, Ethiopia. BioMedical Central Journal. 2009;25(9):1-28.
Cheesbrough M. Laboratory practice in tropical countries. Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom. 2000:49-50.
Mbajiuka CS, Obeagu El, Ochei KC, Iheke SO. Evaluation of microbial contamination of tools used in hair dressing salons in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State. IOSR Journal of Dentistry and Medical Science. 2014;3(1):22-27.
Mackenzie DWR, Loeffler W, Mantovani A, Fujikura T. Guidelines for the diagnosis, prevention and control of dermatophytosis in man and animals. World health Organization. Geneva, Switzerland; 2005.
Kligman AM, Montagne W, Ellia RA, Silver AF. Advances in biology of the skin, the sebaceous glands. Oxford. Pergamon Press. 2011:110-124.
Ryan KJ, Ray CG. An introduction to infectious diseases, New York: McGraw Hill. Sherris Medical Microbiology. 2014:5-7.
Google. Google Maps Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Rivers State; 2020.
Access on December 4, 2020
Eribo OA, Ebiala IF, Oyedoh PO, Oshodin OS. Bacteriological assessment of barbers clipper in Barbers’ Shops in Ugbowo, Benin City. African Scientist. 2017;18(4): 223–226.
Enemour SC, Atabo AR, Oguntibeju OOO. Evaluation of microbial hazards in barbers’ shops in a university setting. Science Research Essay. 2012;7(9):1100-1102.
Ebuara FU, et al. Isolation and identification of pathogenic microorga-nisms associated with barbers’ equipment in Taraba state, Nigeria. Trends in Science and Technology. 2020;5(1):215-218.
Rideout K. Comparison of guidelines and regulatory frameworks for personal services establishments. Vancouver, BC: National Collaborating Centre for Environment Health; 2010.
Available:www.ncceh.ca Accessed October 2, 2022
David DL, Edward A, Zaruwa M, Addass PA. Barbing saloon associated fungal disease infection in Mubi, Adamawa State. Nigeria. World Journal of Medical Science. 2010;5(1):17-21.
Vallarelli AFA. Goya and Tinea favosa. Brazilian Annals of Dermatology. 2014; 89:992–994.
-
Abstract View: 19 times
PDF Download: 8 times