Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Two Different Marine Red Algae Species Collected from Quseir, the Red Sea, Egypt

Aims: This study aimed to analyze the bioactivities of two different species of marine red algae crude extracts; Acanthophora spicifera (M.Vahl) Borgese and Digenea simplex (Wulfen) C.Agardh.

Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Quseir city, Red Sea, Egypt at (April, 2015), extraction and biological study; pharmacognosy department, summer 2015, Kasr El-Eini Teaching Hospitals, Cairo University, Egypt.

Methodology: The crude extract screened against some human pathogenic bacteria including ten Gram positive, ten Gram negative strains and ten unicellular and filamentous fungi. The antimicrobial activity was done through the agar well diffusion method. The anti-inflammatory effect of the crude extract on inflammed liver cells was evaluated by measuring SOD, MDA, catalase, GSH, Il-6 and TNF-alpha in the serum of treated Wister albino rats compared to positive and negative control groups.

Results: The antimicrobial study showed that both Acanthophora spicifera and Digenea simplex extracts showed the highest zone of inhibition against Streptococcus agalactiae with clear zones (22.5±0.58 mm and 23.1±0.58 mm) as Gram positive bacteria compared to Ampicillin as positive control. But with Gram negative bacteria Acanthophora spicifera showed highest zone of inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.3±2.1 mm) and Digenea simplex showed highest zone of inhibition against Serratia marcescens (24.1±0.58 mm) compared to Gentamycin as positive control. Finally, the effect of both Acanthophora spicifera and Digenea simplex against fungi showed highest zone of inhibition (23.8±0.63 mm and 22.4±2.1 mm) against Geotricum candidum. On the other hand results revealed that all methanol extracts had equally potent anti-inflammatory effects on inflammated liver rats as it observed significant decreased in the levels of SOD, Catalase and GSH. Also observed that significant increase in the inflamed liver state of MDA, IL-6 and TNF-Alpha After treatment of inflamed liver rats with crude extracts observed that the difference in the parameters levels relatively equal to the normal control results.

Conclusion: Acanthophora spicifera (M.Vahl) Borgeseand Digenea simplex (Wulfen) C.Agardh might be a good source of anti-inflammatory and antibacterial compounds activity.