Senna alata with Selenium Mitigates Liver and Kidney Injury from Isoniazid and Rifampicin in Mice

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the ameliorative potentials of S. alata in combination with Selenium on liver and kidney injury induced by Isoniazid-Rifampicin (INH-RIF).

Study Design: Original Research work.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development (NIPRD), Idu, Abuja, between August and October 2023.

Methods: Hydroethanolic extract of S. alata (EESA) was obtained by maceration, 25 Swiss mice (25-35g) were divided into 5 groups, GP1 received distill water, GP 2-5 INH-RIF 150mg/kg for the first two days; while groups 3-5 received S.alata 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg in combinAtion with Selenium 1mg/kg respectively from day 3 till day 14 orally. Sera samples were obtained and organs (liver and kidney) for weighing and histopathology on day 15.

Results: This study showed that S.alata (EESA) (100mg/kg) and Selenium (1mg/kg) showed no reduction (P>.05) in the biochemical parameters (AST, ALP, ALT, BUN, Uric acid, and creatinine); histo-anatomy of both organs showed injury. The 200mg/kg EESA/Se (1mg/kg) reduced significantly (P<.05) elevated parameters for liver only (ALT, ALP); liver histo-picture showed no lesion; 400mg/kg combination decreased all parameters significantly (P<.05); histo-pathology showed no lesion in both organs. Weights of the liver showed significant reduction (P=.0025, .0052, and .0027) at 100, 200, and 400mg/kg respectively; but no significant difference in weights of the kidney compared to the toxic group.

Conclusion: It was concluded that EESA 200mg/kg with Selenium 1mg/kg can mitigate the toxic effects of Isoniazid-Rifampicin on the liver, while EESA/Se 400mg/kg combination has ameliorative potentials on liver and kidney toxicity from INH-RIF. These effects may be dose-dependent. It was recommended that 400mg/kg of EESA and 1mg/kg of Selenium combination be considered in drug development.