In vitro and In vivo Studies for Screening of Anti-inflammatory, Thrombolytic and Acute Toxicological Activity in Camellia Chrysantha (Hu) Tuyama

Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of methanol-prepared leaves extract of Camellia Chrysantha (Hu) Tuyama. on several in vitro activities, including anti-inflammatory and thrombolytic effects. Additionally, the study aimed to assess the acute toxicological activity of the extracts in an animal model.

Place and Duration of Study: The research study was carried out from Nov 2023 to Feb 2024 at the Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Laboratory of Pharmacology, University of Asia Pacific and the Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, as well as the Laboratory of Microbiology at Stamford University Bangladesh, Dhaka.

Methodology: The methodology involved various doses of methanolic leaves extract of Camellia Chrysantha (Hu) Tuyama, and employed techniques such as the Inhibition of Protein Denaturation Assay for anti-inflammatory test and the clot lysis test for thrombolytic assay. The acute toxicological activity was assessed by Cinnamon oil induced toxicological and administration of acetic acid induced writhing responses in Swiss albino mice.

Result: The Inhibition of Protein Denaturation Assay test yielded findings indicating its anti-inflammatory properties against all strains used in this research. The findings from the study examining the anti-inflammatory properties indicate that Chrysantha (Hu) Tuyama exhibits a significant efficacy of 86.54% in inhibiting inflammation at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL. This level of efficacy is comparable to that of acetylsalicylic acid, which also has a similar efficacy of 98.54 % at the same concentration. Thrombolysis test is a controlled laboratory procedure that assesses the ability of plant extracts to dissolve blood clots. The study found that MECCL can reduce blood clots. Table 2 shows that MECCL's thrombolytic potential was 95.69%, which is much higher than the usual value of 91.304%. Our research found that MECCL did not induce any harmful effects in mice during the acute toxicity test, as determined by the toxicological assessment. No signs of illness or death were reported throughout the acute toxicity trial.

Conclusion: The Camellia chrysantha (Hu) Tuyama plant exhibits privileged qualities that could lead to the discovery of novel therapeutic substances. It has anti-inflammatory, thrombolytic, and mild acute toxicity properties. Further exploration of this plant could be beneficial. Our study results contribute to the growing body of evidence demonstrating that natural products may potentially have favourable effects on human health.