Changes in Levels of S100β Protein as a Measurement of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Outcome in Hydrocephalus Patients

Aims: To determine the difference in S100β serum levels between pre- and post-Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts in hydrocephalus patients.

Study Design: Quantitative observational analytic with cross-sectional study approach.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of neurosurgery, Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta, Indonesia, between March and June 2020.

Methodology: We included 24 patients purposively (10 men, 14 women; age range: 12-60 years) with hydrocephalus. The blood sample was collected one day before the VP shunt, and the second collection was four days after the VP shunt. The S100β protein levels were analyzed using ELISA kit. We also observed changes in consciousness using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS).

Results: Of the 24 research subjects, it was found that the levels of S100β before and after the VP shunt had a significant difference (p = 0.008). Nineteen subjects had decreased S100β levels on the fourth day of treatment after VP shunt while five subjects experienced increased levels of S100β in the blood on the fourth day of the treatment.

Conclusion: There was a significant difference in S100β protein levels before and after the VP shunt was performed in hydrocephalus patients at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta. Based on these findings, this protein can be used as a measurement biomarker of VP shunt outcome