USING MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS FOR TREATING GINGIVAL RECESSION IN THE EXPERIMENT

Aim. This research was conducted to study the type of clinical changes in the diseased periodontal tissues by means of using mesenchymal stem cells for treating gingival recession in the experiment.

Materials and methods. Adipose tissue in a volume of 1-2 ml was sampled from one specimen in sterile conditions in order to obtain allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells before the beginning of the experimental studies. Random-bred female white rats (60 specimens) were used as a model in the experiment. The surgical intervention was performed in the area of incisors on the upper and lower jaws of rats. All animals were divided into 5 groups (10 rats in each group) depending on the planned method of the treatment. The control group, intact rats, consisted of 10 laboratory animals with a healthy gingiva. The creation of a model of the experimental gingival recession was carried out by the mechanical V-shaped excision of periodontal tissues.

Results. The experimental studies showed the possibility of complete regeneration of the dentogingival papillae as well as periodontal tissues regeneration in the area of the experimental gingival recession during the first 28 days. Meanwhile, there is a complete absence of inflammatory signs in the 5th group (hyperemia, edema, gingival bleeding), along with their significant decrease in the 3rd and the 4th groups that confirms the pronounced therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells and sterile bioplastic collagen material «Collost» (7% gel).

The conclusion. While studying the type of clinical changes in diseased periodontal tissues using mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of gingival recession, we established the positive dynamics in the experiment. The decrease in the intensity and prevalence of gingival inflammation starts from the 14th day. On the 28th day there was noted a complete absence of inflammatory signs in the animals after injecting the transplant consisting of the cell suspension on the sterile bioplastic material Collost (7% gel). Furthermore, the significant increase in the regeneration of the gingival margin was observed on the 24th day from the moment of creating the gingival recession model. The complete regeneration of the dentogingival papillae and the absence of the gingival recession were noted on the 38th day of general observation.