Demographic and Clinical Enumeration of Patients of CLL: Experience of the Hematology-oncology Department of the Central Hospital of Yaounde

The objective of this study was to identify the demographic and clinical features of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), followed at the Central Hospital of Yaoundé (HCY) over a period of 6 years (January 2012 to December 2018).

Methodology: This retrospective analytical study was carried out at the Central Hospital of Yaoundé at the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology. We have selected from the archives the files of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia confirmed by blood immunophenotyping over a period of 6 years. Were includes the records of patients with documented CLL. The variables studied were: Epidemiological, clinical data and blood immunophenotyping. The data was analyzed using SPSS 20 software.

Results: Thirty-eight (38) patients were retained, all of them were of proliferation B. Their mean age was 58.5 years (52.50-68.25) with a female predominance (65.78%). The education level was that of primary school (41.66%). Marital status was dominated by the married couples (66.66%). Most of the patients were from the central region (58.62%). Eight patients (27.58%) were housewives. The most clinical presentation was splenomegaly (68.42%). White blood cells ranged from 48150 to 131075 / mm3 with an average of 75850 / mm3; the average hemoglobin level was 9 g / dl (7.175 and 11.975 g / dl) and that of platelets was 134000 / mm3 (81250 to 174,250 / mm3). According to the Matutes classification, 81.49% had a score of 5 and 18.51% of 4. Binet stage C disease was predominant in 60.52% of the cases.

Conclusion: Chronic lymphoid leukemia is a pathology that is still little-known; patients reach an advanced stage of the disease with splenomegaly and anemia. The limited technical platform and financial difficulty do not allow to have the optimal balance sheet in our context.