A Systematic Review: Prevalence of C Shaped Configuration in Upper-maxilaryand Lower-mandibular First Premolar

In most cases, the C-shaped pattern is found in mandibular second molars. Additionally, C-shaped canals can also occur in mandibular premolars, maxillary molars, and mandibular third molars. It poses challenges like debridement, obturation, and possibly the outcome of root canal treatment. The purpose of this study is to make a systematic review of studies related to the prevalence and morphology of C shaped canals in premolar teeth. Using pre-designed forms, data were extracted from online databases such as Medline and PubMed Central. We extracted citations and characteristics of studies, such as names of authors, date of publication, country, title, definition of C shaped canal configuration, and classification of C shaped canal configuration in upper and lower first premolars. Even though they are rare, mandibular premolars are also known to have C-shaped canal systems. Approximately 10-18% of mandibular first premolars have C-shaped canals, according to studies. Treatment is more challenging for patients with C-shaped canals. The frequency of C-shaped configurations in premolar teeth is likely to be affected by regional characteristics and gender of the population. Having these factors in mind before surgery allows dentists to better plan, coordinate, and perform complex morphologies.